European Sovereignty Monitor

Compute and infrastructure

Portugal launches Amalia, its first open-source sovereign AI model

Portugal launched Amalia, an open-source large language model built on EuroLLM-9B by a university consortium coordinated by ARTE, funded with EUR 5.5 million in EU recovery funds and run on the Deucalion and MareNostrum 5 supercomputers.

Verified Editor-read Interoperable Europe (European Commission), 1 July 2026

What it does not test. It does not show the model matches the performance of larger foreign systems or that public bodies will adopt it at scale.

How this item counts. Towards autonomy: it changes who owns, who operates. Binding 3 of 3 (in force or operating), scale 2 of 3 (medium), Verified counts in full: weight +12 of 36 possible. EU-funded LLM built & operated by Portuguese consortium on EU supercomputers, live. European Sovereignty Index

How this item was made. Drafted by an AI system (Claude (Anthropic)) from the source cited above; read and approved by the editor on 2026-09-24. How the record is made

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