Reported Opinion Editor-read The Irish Times, 10 November 2025
What it does not test. This does not establish that Ireland will draw the loan; the government has so far relied on budget surpluses instead of SAFE borrowing.
How this item counts. This item is dated before the index starts on 1 January 2026, so it does not count in the European Sovereignty Index.
How this item was made. Drafted by an AI system (Claude (Anthropic)) from the source cited above; read and approved by the editor on 2026-10-11. How the record is made